Αντικειμενοστραφής Προγραμματισμός

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===== Οι κλάσεις ButtonGroup και JRadioButton =====

Τα //radio buttons// οργανώνονται σε //button groups//. Τα //radio buttons// είναι ανάλογα με τα //check boxes// με την ιδιαιτερότητα ότι μόνο ένα //radio button// μπορεί να είναι επιλεγμένο κάθε φορά στο ίδιο //button group//.  Επιπλέον, από τα κουμπιά ενός //button group// μόνο ένα είναι επιλέξιμο. 

Κάθε φορά που ο χρήστης επιλέγει ένα radio button τότε δημιουργείται ένα αντικείμενο τύπου [[http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/awt/event/ActionEvent.html|java.awt.events.ActionEvent]] το οποίο λαμβάνεται από ένα αντικείμενο τύπου [[http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/awt/event/ActionListener.html|ActionListener]] που συνδέεται με το //radio button//. 

Παράλληλα, δημιουργούνται και δύο αντικείμενα τύπου [[http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/awt/event/ItemEvent.html|java.awt.events.ItemEvent]] ένα αντικείμενο για το button που επιλέχθηκε και ένα αντικείμενο για το button που απο-επιλέχθηκε (εάν υπήρξε τέτοιο), τα οποία λαμβάνονται από ένα αντικείμενο του τύπου [[http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/awt/event/ItemListener.html|ItemListener]]. 

Παρακάτω δίνονται δύο παραλλαγές του ιδίου προγράμματος **α)** με χρήση [[http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/awt/event/ActionListener.html|ActionListener]] και **β)** με χρήση [[http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/awt/event/ItemListener.html|ItemListener]]. Για τα δύο παραδείγματα που ακολουθούν θα χρειαστείτε τις εικόνες {{:swing:animals.zip|}}.

==== Παράδειγμα χρήσης ActionListener ====

<code java RadioButtonDemo.java>
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/*
 * RadioButtonDemo.java requires these files:
 *   images/Bird.gif
 *   images/Cat.gif
 *   images/Dog.gif
 *   images/Rabbit.gif
 *   images/Pig.gif
 */
public class RadioButtonDemo extends JPanel {
  static String birdString = "Bird";
  static String catString = "Cat";
  static String dogString = "Dog";
  static String rabbitString = "Rabbit";
  static String pigString = "Pig";

  JLabel picture;

  public RadioButtonDemo() {
    super(new BorderLayout());

    //Create the radio buttons.
    JRadioButton birdButton = new JRadioButton(birdString);
    birdButton.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_B);
    birdButton.setActionCommand(birdString);
    birdButton.setSelected(true);

    JRadioButton catButton = new JRadioButton(catString);
    catButton.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_C);
    catButton.setActionCommand(catString);

    JRadioButton dogButton = new JRadioButton(dogString);
    dogButton.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_D);
    dogButton.setActionCommand(dogString);

    JRadioButton rabbitButton = new JRadioButton(rabbitString);
    rabbitButton.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_R);
    rabbitButton.setActionCommand(rabbitString);

    JRadioButton pigButton = new JRadioButton(pigString);
    pigButton.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_P);
    pigButton.setActionCommand(pigString);

    //Group the radio buttons.
    ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
    group.add(birdButton);
    group.add(catButton);
    group.add(dogButton);
    group.add(rabbitButton);
    group.add(pigButton);

    //Register a listener for the radio buttons.
    birdButton.addActionListener(listener);
    catButton.addActionListener(listener);
    dogButton.addActionListener(listener);
    rabbitButton.addActionListener(listener);
    pigButton.addActionListener(listener);

    //Set up the picture label.
    picture = new JLabel(new ImageIcon(
                       birdString
                       + ".gif"));

    //The preferred size is hard-coded to be the width of the
    //widest image and the height of the tallest image.
    //A real program would compute this.
    picture.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(177, 122));


    //Put the radio buttons in a column in a panel.
    JPanel radioPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(0, 1));
    radioPanel.add(birdButton);
    radioPanel.add(catButton);
    radioPanel.add(dogButton);
    radioPanel.add(rabbitButton);
    radioPanel.add(pigButton);

    add(radioPanel, BorderLayout.WEST);
    add(picture, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(20,20,20,20));
  }

  ActionListener listener = new ActionListener() {
    /* Listens to the radio buttons. */
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
      picture.setIcon(new ImageIcon(e.getActionCommand() + ".gif"));
    }
  };

  /**
   * Create the GUI and show it.  For thread safety,
   * this method should be invoked from the
   * event-dispatching thread.
   */
  private static void createAndShowGUI() {
    //Create and set up the window.
    JFrame frame = new JFrame("RadioButtonDemo");
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    //Create and set up the content pane.
    JComponent newContentPane = new RadioButtonDemo();
    newContentPane.setOpaque(true); //content panes must be opaque
    frame.setContentPane(newContentPane);

    //Display the window.
    frame.pack();
    frame.setVisible(true);
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    //Schedule a job for the event-dispatching thread:
    //creating and showing this application's GUI.
    javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
      public void run() {
        createAndShowGUI();
      }
    });
  }
}
</code>

==== Παράδειγμα χρήσης ItemListener ====

<code java RadioButtonDemo2.java>
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/*
 * RadioButtonDemo.java requires these files:
 *   images/Bird.gif
 *   images/Cat.gif
 *   images/Dog.gif
 *   images/Rabbit.gif
 *   images/Pig.gif
 */
public class RadioButtonDemo2 extends JPanel {
  
  static String birdString = "Bird";
  static String catString = "Cat";
  static String dogString = "Dog";
  static String rabbitString = "Rabbit";
  static String pigString = "Pig";

  JLabel picture;

  public RadioButtonDemo2() {
    super(new BorderLayout());

    //Create the radio buttons.
    JRadioButton birdButton = new JRadioButton(birdString);
    birdButton.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_B);
    birdButton.setSelected(true);

    JRadioButton catButton = new JRadioButton(catString);
    catButton.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_C);

    JRadioButton dogButton = new JRadioButton(dogString);
    dogButton.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_D);

    JRadioButton rabbitButton = new JRadioButton(rabbitString);
    rabbitButton.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_R);

    JRadioButton pigButton = new JRadioButton(pigString);
    pigButton.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_P);

    //Group the radio buttons.
    ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
    group.add(birdButton);
    group.add(catButton);
    group.add(dogButton);
    group.add(rabbitButton);
    group.add(pigButton);

    //Register a listener for the radio buttons.
    birdButton.addItemListener(itemListener);
    catButton.addItemListener(itemListener);
    dogButton.addItemListener(itemListener);
    rabbitButton.addItemListener(itemListener);
    pigButton.addItemListener(itemListener);

    //Set up the picture label.
    picture = new JLabel(new ImageIcon(birdString + ".gif"));

    //The preferred size is hard-coded to be the width of the
    //widest image and the height of the tallest image.
    //A real program would compute this.
    picture.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(177, 122));


    //Put the radio buttons in a column in a panel.
    JPanel radioPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(0, 1));
    radioPanel.add(birdButton);
    radioPanel.add(catButton);
    radioPanel.add(dogButton);
    radioPanel.add(rabbitButton);
    radioPanel.add(pigButton);

    add(radioPanel, BorderLayout.WEST);
    add(picture, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(20,20,20,20));
  }

  ItemListener itemListener = new ItemListener() {
    public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent e) {
      if(e.getStateChange() == ItemEvent.SELECTED) {
        JRadioButton btn = (JRadioButton)e.getItemSelectable();
        picture.setIcon(new ImageIcon(btn.getText() + ".gif"));
      }
    }
  };

  /**
   * Create the GUI and show it.  For thread safety,
   * this method should be invoked from the
   * event-dispatching thread.
   */
  private static void createAndShowGUI() {
    //Create and set up the window.
    JFrame frame = new JFrame("RadioButtonDemo");
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    //Create and set up the content pane.
    JComponent newContentPane = new RadioButtonDemo();
    newContentPane.setOpaque(true); //content panes must be opaque
    frame.setContentPane(newContentPane);

    //Display the window.
    frame.pack();
    frame.setVisible(true);
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    //Schedule a job for the event-dispatching thread:
    //creating and showing this application's GUI.
    javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
      public void run() {
        createAndShowGUI();
      }
    });
  }
}
</code>